EVERYTHING IS NOT ANYTHING. AND ANYTHING IS NOT NOTHING.

EVERYTHING- Implies all there is, used in affirmative sentences. eg. Everything went wrong today. (It means, from the beginning to the end nothing was ok.)

ANYTHING-Implies whatever -good, bad, real, fantastic. Used in interrogative and negative sentences, always accompanied by an auxiliary to mean almost nothing. Alone, in affirmative sentences it gives way to a fantastic array of possibilities.
What would you like to have for lunch? Anything will be fine, I don't crave nothing in particular. (It means the person that is going to eat is not really hungry or doesn't care what the food will be. Anything means whatever you give me will be fine.)
I didn't see anything when I came in. (It means there was nothing.)
DON'T CONFUSE ANYTHING WITH NOTHING

NOTHING-Implies total absence. Used in sentences with affirmative verbs to express a negative idea. There was nothing in the room that seemed interesting. (The room didn't have what was thought interesting.)
There was nothing in the room. (The room was empty.)

MAKE VS. DO

Although they seem similar to us Spanish native speakers, they are not so.
Make implies to create, while Do implies an action. Let me give you a couple of examples:
1. The carpenter makes beds from wood.
2. I do exercise to keep fit.

Anyway, there are always exceptions. Here is a list of things or activities that follow each if you are more practical:

DO +
better
one's best
business
damage
one's duty
evil
an exercise
a favour
good
harm
homework
an injury
a job
justice (to)
a kindness
an operation
repairs
right
a service
wonders
work
worse
one's worst
wrong

MAKE +
an appointment
arrangements
attacks (on)
the best (of)
certain (of, about)
a change
a choice
a complaint
a confession
a decision
a demand
a difference (to)
a discovery
an effort
enquiries
one's escape
an excuse (for)
faces (at)
a fool (of)
friends (with)
fun (of)
a fuss (about)
a guess
haste
a journey
a mistake
money
the most (of)
a movement
an offer
peace
preparations
a profit
progress
a report (on)
a request
room (for)
a search (for)
a speech
a success (of)
sure (of)
a trip
trouble (for)
use (of)
a voyage
war (on)
way (for)
welcome
work (for others)

SAY vs. TELL

a) Say and tell with reported statements.

Look at the sentences:

Paul: You've got mail

Paul said I've got mail.

Paul told me that I've got mail.

These sentences mean the same, but the uses of the verbs tell and say are different.

Say means ‘speak the words’. It has no object.

Tell usually means ‘inform a person’ and with this meaning always has a personal object (eg. me)

Tell can also have other meanings like in tell the truth, a story (relate); I can tell a twin from another (distinguish); tell the time (read the time from a clock or watch)

b) Say and tell with reported commands.

Mom: Don’t do that again.

Mom said that I shouldn’t do it again.

Mom told me not to do it again.

Note that a reported command with say is followed by that and the auxiliary should (not). The reported command with tell takes an infinitive.

c) Say and tell: passive

Note the passive forms:

People say The Death Hallows is a good film.

The Death Hallows is said to be a good film.

People have told me that The Death Hallows is a good film.

I’ve been told that The Death Hallows is a good film.

THE CONJUGATION OF BODIES

It is sometimes confusing the conjugation of words such as everybody, somebody or anybody because some of them englobing, well, everybody, one may suppose it would conjugate as a plural, but no, it conjugates as a singular.

Here are some examples:

Everyones is expected to Wendy's party.
Somebody should check if the boiler is on.
Has anybody seen my baby?

On the other hand people is a plural noun -or pronoun, as some Grammar books may categorize it- and therefore should be conjugated as plural.
Eg. People are generally kind-hearted.

Here is a small exercise for you to practise:

Put the verbs in prenthesis in the correct form depending on the subject:

1. Everything possible (have) been done to save the patient's life.
2. Everyone (agree) with you.
3. Everyone (want) to be happy.
4. Most people (be) ambitious.
5. Many people (travel) by bus.
6. A few people (be) not frightened by earthquakes.

If you wish solve the exercise and post your results!

TOPS & BOTTOMS

ceiling.- n. inner top of a room or building. eg. The lamp hangs from the ceiling.

roof.- n. outer top of a room or building. eg. After the rins they had to sweep the tree leaves from the roof .

floor.- n. 1. inner bottom part of room or building. 2. one of several stories in which a building might be divided. eg. The rug on the wooden floor is imported from China.

ground.- n. the bottom part of everything, where one sets foot on. eg. The sailors were glad to arrive to safe ground finally.

GUIDELINES FOR PROBLEM-SOLUTION SPEECH

When starting to write your speech, start with a killing sentence to grsp your audience's atention, then keep in mind the following questions to round your speech:

1. What type of problem was it?

2. Where were you?

3. When were you there?

4. Who was with you?

5. What were you doing?

6. Why were you there?

7. How were you feeling?

8. Why did you feel that way?

9. What was your goal?

10. How did you react?

11. How was the problem solved?

SPEECH RUBRICS

Considerate Punctuation
Eye contact
Vocabulary
Grammar
Fluency
Pronunciation
Use of gestures
Pose
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